/* This is a Optical-Character-Recognition program Copyright (C) 2000-2007 Joerg Schulenburg This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. check README for my email address */ #include #include #include #include // toupper, tolower #include "pgm2asc.h" #include "gocr.h" // ----- detect lines --------------- /* suggestion: Fourier transform and set line frequency where the amplitude has a maximum (JS: slow and not smarty enough). option: range for line numbers 1..1000 or similar todo: look for thickest line, and divide if thickness=2*mean_thickness Set these elements of the box structs: m1 <-- top of upper case letters and (bdfhkl) (can differ) m2 <-- top of letters (acegmnopqrsuvwxyz) m3 <-- baseline m4 <-- bottom of hanging letters (gqpy) performance can be improved by working with a temporary list of boxes of the special text line - Jun23,00 more robustness of m3 (test liebfrau1) - Feb01,02 more robustness of m4 (test s46_084.pgm) - Dec03,12 fix problems with footnotes ToDo: - generate lists of boxes per line (faster access) - use statistics - for each box look at it neighbours and set box-m1..m4 - m[1..4].max .min if m4.min-m3.max<1 probability lower */ int detect_lines1(pix * p, int x0, int y0, int dx, int dy) { int i, jj, j2, y, yy, my, mi, mc, i1, i2, i3, i4, m1, m2, m3, m4, ma1, ma2, ma3, ma4, m3pre, m4pre; struct box *box2, *box3; /* box3 is for verbose / debugging */ struct tlines *lines = &JOB->res.lines; /* ToDo: optional read line-data from external source??? */ if (lines->num == 0) { // initialize one dummy-line for pictures etc. lines->m4[0] = 0; lines->m3[0] = 0; lines->m2[0] = 0; lines->m1[0] = 0; lines->x0[0] = p->x; /* expand to left end during detection */ lines->x1[0] = 0; /* expand to right end */ lines->pitch[0] = JOB->cfg.spc; /* default word pitch */ lines->mono[0] = 0; /* default spacing, 0 = prop */ lines->num++; } i = lines->num; if (dy < 4) return 0; /* image is to low for latin chars */ my = jj = 0; // get the mean height of all hollow chars // (better than mean value of everything including bg-pattern or dust?) for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if ( box2->c != PICTURE && box2->num_frames>1 && box2->num_frames<3 /* 1 or 2 holes */ && box2->y0 >= y0 && box2->y1 <= y0 + dy && box2->x0 >= x0 && box2->x1 <= x0 + dx && box2->frame_vol[0]>0 && box2->frame_vol[1]<0 ) { jj++; my += box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1; } } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if (jj==0) { // get the mean height of all chars for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if ( box2->c != PICTURE && box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1 >= 4 /* 4x6 font */ && box2->y0 >= y0 && box2->y1 <= y0 + dy && box2->x0 >= x0 && box2->x1 <= x0 + dx ) { jj++; my += box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1; } } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); } if (jj == 0) return 0; /* no chars detected */ /* ToDo: a better way could be to mark good boxes (of typical high a-zA-Z0-9) * first and handle only marked boxes for line scan, exclude ?!,.:;etc * but without setect the chars itself (using good statistics) * see adjust_text_lines() */ my /= jj; /* we only care about chars with high arround my */ if (JOB->cfg.verbose & 16) fprintf(stderr,"\n# detect_lines1(%d %d %d %d) vvv&16 chars=%d my=%d\n# ", x0, y0, dx, dy, jj, my); // "my" is the average over the whole image (bad, if different fontsizes) if (my < 4) return 0; /* mean high is to small => error */ m4pre=m3pre=y0; /* lower bond of upper line */ // better function for scanning line around a letter ??? // or define lines around known chars "eaTmM" for (j2 = y = y0; y < y0 + dy; y++) { // look for max. of upper and lower bound of next line m1 = y0 + dy; jj = 0; #if 1 /* this is only for test runs */ if (JOB->cfg.verbose & 16) fprintf(stderr,"searching new line %d\n# ",i /* lines->num */); #endif box3 = NULL; /* mark the most upper box starting next line */ // find highest point of next line => store to m1-min (m1>=y) // only objects greater 2/3*my and smaller 3*my are allowed // a higher "!" at end of line can result in a to low m1 for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if (box2->line>0 || box2->c == PICTURE) continue; if (lines->dx) yy = lines->dy * box2->x0 / (lines->dx); /* correct crooked lines */ else yy=0; if ( box2->y0 >= y + yy && box2->y1 < y0 + dy // lower than y && box2->x0 >= x0 && box2->x1 < x0 + dx // within box ? && box2->c != PICTURE // no picture && box2->num_boxes <= 1 // ignore 2 for "!?i" 3 for "ä" && 3 * (box2->y1 - box2->y0) > 2 * my // not to small && (box2->y1 - box2->y0) < 3 * my // not to big && (box2->y1 - box2->y0) > 4) // minimum absolute size { if (box2->y0 < m1 + yy) { m1 = box2->y0 - yy; /* highest upper boundary */ box3 = box2; } // fprintf(stderr,"\n %3d %3d %+3d %d m1= %3d", // box2->x0, box2->y0, box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1, box2->num_boxes, m1); } } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if (!box3 || m1 >= y0+dy) break; /* no further line found */ if (JOB->cfg.verbose & 16) fprintf(stderr," most upper box at new line xy= %4d %4d %+4d %+4d\n# ", box3->x0, box3->y0, box3->x1-box3->x0, box3->y1-box3->y0); // at the moment values depend from single chars, which can // result in bad values (ex: 4x6 /\=) // ToDo: 2) mean size of next line (store list of y0,y1) // ToDo: 3) count num0[(y0-m1)*16/my], num1[(y1-m1)*16/my] // ToDo: or down-top search horizontal nerarest neighbours lines->x0[i] = x0 + dx - 1; /* expand during operation to left end */ lines->x1[i] = x0; /* expand to the right end of line */ m4=m2=m1; mi=m1+my; m3=m1+2*my; jj=0; // find limits for upper bound, base line and ground line // m2-max m3-min m4-max for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if (box2->line>0 || box2->c == PICTURE) continue; if ( box2->y0 < y0 || box2->y1 >= y0 + dy || box2->x0 < x0 || box2->x1 >= x0 + dx ) continue; // out of image if (lines->dx) yy = lines->dy * box2->x0 / (lines->dx); else yy=0; /* check for ij-dots, used if chars of same high */ if ( box2->y0 >= y + yy && box2->y0 >= y && (box2->y1 - box2->y0) < my && box2->y1 < m1 + yy + my/4 && box2->y0 < mi + yy ) { mi = box2->y0 - yy; /* highest upper boundary i-dot */ } // fprintf(stderr,"\n check %3d %3d-%3d y=%d yy=%d m1=%d", box2->x0, box2->y0, box2->y1, y, yy, m1); /* get m2-max m3-min m4-max */ if ( box2->y0 >= y + yy // lower than y && 3 * (box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1) > 2 * my // right size ? && (box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1) < 3 * my // font mix, size = 2.6*my && (box2->y1 - box2->y0 + 1) > 3 // 4x6 lowercase=4 && box2->y0 >= m1 // in m1 range? && box2->y0 <= m1 + yy + 9 * my / 8 // my can be to small if mixed // ToDo: we need a better (local?) algorithm for big headlines > 2*my && box2->y1 <= m1 + yy + 3 * my && box2->y1 >= m1 + yy + my / 2 // lines can differ in high, my may be to small (smaller headlines) && box2->y0+box2->y1 <= 2*box3->y1 ) { jj++; // count chars for debugging purpose if (box2->y0 > m2 + yy) { m2 = box2->y0 - yy; /* highest upper boundary */ if (JOB->cfg.verbose & 16) fprintf(stderr," set m2= %d yy= %d\n# ",m2, yy); } if (box2->y1 > m4 + yy && (my>6 || box2->y1 < m3+my)) { m4 = box2->y1 - yy; /* lowest lower boundary, small font lines can touch */ } if ( box2->y1 < m3 + yy && ( ( 2*box2->y1 > m2+ m4+yy && m2>m1) || ( 4*box2->y1 > m1+3*m4+yy) ) ) // care for TeX: \(^1\)Footnote 2003 /* "'!?" could cause trouble here, therefore this lines */ /* ToDo: get_bw costs time, check pre and next */ if( get_bw(box2->x0,box2->x1,box2->y1+1 ,box2->y1+my/2,box2->p,JOB->cfg.cs,1) == 0 || get_bw(box2->x0,box2->x1,box2->y1+my/2,box2->y1+my/2,box2->p,JOB->cfg.cs,1) == 1 || num_cross(box2->x0,box2->x1,(box2->y0+box2->y1)/2,(box2->y0+box2->y1)/2,box2->p,JOB->cfg.cs)>2 ) { m3 = box2->y1 - yy; /* highest lower boundary */ // printf("\n# set1 m3 m=%3d %+2d %+2d %+2d",m1,m2-m1,m3-m1,m4-m1); // out_x(box2); } if (box2->y0 + box2->y1 > 2*(m3 + yy) && box2->y1 < m4 + yy - my/4 -1 && box2->y1 >= (m2 + m4)/2 // care for TeX: \(^1\)Footnote 2003 && m2 > m1 ) // be sure to not use ', m2 must be ok { m3 = box2->y1 - yy; /* highest lower boundary */ // printf("\n# set2 m3 m=%3d %+2d %+2d %+2d",m1,m2-m1,m3-m1,m4-m1); // out_x(box2); } if (box2->x1>lines->x1[i]) lines->x1[i] = box2->x1; /* right end */ if (box2->x0x0[i]) lines->x0[i] = box2->x0; /* left end */ // printf(" m=%3d %+2d %+2d %+2d yy=%3d\n",m1,m2-m1,m3-m1,m4-m1,yy); } } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); #if 1 /* this is only for test runs */ if (JOB->cfg.verbose & 16) fprintf(stderr," step 1 y=%4d m= %4d %+3d %+3d %+3d" " my=%2d chars=%3d\n# ", y, m1, m2-m1, m3-m1, m4-m1, my, jj); #endif if (m3 == m1) break; #if 1 /* make averages about the line */ // same again better estimation mc = (3 * m3 + m1) / 4; /* lower center ? */ ma1 = ma2 = ma3 = ma4 = i1 = i2 = i3 = i4 = jj = 0; for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if (box2->line>0 || box2->c == PICTURE) continue; if (lines->dx) yy = lines->dy * box2->x0 / (lines->dx); else yy=0; if (box2->y0 >= y + yy && box2->y1 < y0 + dy // lower than y && box2->x0 >= x0 && box2->x1 < x0 + dx // in box ? && box2->c != PICTURE // no picture && 2 * (box2->y1 - box2->y0) > my // right size ? && (box2->y1 - box2->y0) < 4 * my) { if ( box2->y0 - yy >= m1-my/4 && box2->y0 - yy <= m2+my/4 && box2->y1 - yy >= m3-my/4 && box2->y1 - yy <= m4+my/4 ) { /* its within allowed range! */ // jj++; // not used if (abs(box2->y0 - yy - m1) <= abs(box2->y0 - yy - m2)) { i1++; ma1 += box2->y0 - yy; } else { i2++; ma2 += box2->y0 - yy; } if (abs(box2->y1 - yy - m3) < abs(box2->y1 - yy - m4)) { i3++; ma3 += box2->y1 - yy; } else { i4++; ma4 += box2->y1 - yy; } if (box2->x1>lines->x1[i]) lines->x1[i] = box2->x1; /* right end */ if (box2->x0x0[i]) lines->x0[i] = box2->x0; /* left end */ } } } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if (i1) m1 = (ma1+i1/2) / i1; /* best rounded */ if (i2) m2 = (ma2+i2/2) / i2; if (i3) m3 = (ma3+i3-1) / i3; /* round up */ if (i4) m4 = (ma4+i4-1) / i4; // printf("\n# .. set3 m3 m=%3d %+2d %+2d %+2d",m1,m2-m1,m3-m1,m4-m1); #endif /* expand right and left end of line */ for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if (box2->line>0 || box2->c == PICTURE) continue; if (lines->dx) yy = lines->dy * box2->x0 / (lines->dx); else yy=0; if ( box2->y0 >= y0 && box2->y1 < y0 + dy && box2->x0 >= x0 && box2->x1 < x0 + dx // in box ? && box2->c != PICTURE // no picture && box2->y0 >= m1-1 && box2->y0 <= m4 && box2->y1 >= m1 && box2->y1 <= m4+1 ) { /* its within line */ if (box2->x1>lines->x1[i]) lines->x1[i] = box2->x1; /* right end */ if (box2->x0x0[i]) lines->x0[i] = box2->x0; /* left end */ } } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); #if 1 /* this is only for test runs */ if (JOB->cfg.verbose & 16) fprintf(stderr," step 2 y=%4d m= %4d %+3d %+3d %+3d\n# ", y,m1,m2-m1,m3-m1,m4-m1); #endif if (m4 == m1) { if(m3+m4>2*y) y = (m4+m3)/2; /* lower end may overlap the next line */ continue; } jj=0; lines->wt[i] = 100; if (5 * (m2 - m1 +1) < m3 - m2 || (m2 - m1) < 2) jj|=1; /* same high */ if (5 * (m4 - m3 +1) < m3 - m2 || (m4 - m3) < 1) jj|=2; /* same base */ if (jj&1) lines->wt[i] = 75*lines->wt[i]/100; if (jj&2) lines->wt[i] = 75*lines->wt[i]/100; if (jj>0 && JOB->cfg.verbose) { fprintf(stderr," trouble on line %d, wt*100= %d\n",i,lines->wt[i]); fprintf(stderr,"# m= %4d %+3d %+3d %+3d\n",m1,m2-m1,m3-m1,m4-m1); fprintf(stderr,"# i= %3d %3d %3d %3d (counts)\n",i1,i2,i3,i4); if (jj==3) fprintf(stderr,"# all boxes of same high!\n# "); if (jj==1) fprintf(stderr,"# all boxes of same upper bound!\n# "); if (jj==2) fprintf(stderr,"# all boxes of same lower bound!\n# "); } /* ToDo: check for dots ij,. to get the missing information */ #if 1 /* jj=3: ABCDEF123456 or mnmno or gqpy or lkhfdtb => we are in trouble */ if (jj==3 && (m4-m1)>my) { jj=0; m2=m1+my/8+1; m4=m3+my/8+1; } /* ABC123 */ /* using idots, may fail on "ABCDEFGÄÜÖ" */ if (jj==3 && mi>0 && mim4pre) { jj=2; m1=mi; } /* use ij dots */ if (jj==1 && m2-(m3-m2)/4>m3pre ) { /* expect: acegmnopqrsuvwxyz */ if (m1-m4pre0 && JOB->cfg.verbose & 16) { fprintf(stderr," m= %4d %+2d %+2d %+2d my= %4d\n# ", m1, m2-m1, m3-m1, m4-m1, my); } #endif { // empty space between lines lines->m4[i] = m4; lines->m3[i] = m3; lines->m2[i] = m2; lines->m1[i] = m1; lines->pitch[i] = JOB->cfg.spc; /* default word pitch */ lines->mono[i] = 0; /* default spacing, 0=prop, 1=mono */ if (JOB->cfg.verbose & 16) fprintf(stderr, " m= %4d %+3d %+3d %+3d w= %d (line=%d)\n# ", m1, m2 - m1, m3 - m1, m4 - m1, lines->wt[i], i); if (i < MAXlines && m4 - m1 > 4) i++; if (i >= MAXlines) { fprintf(stderr, "Warning: lines>MAXlines\n"); break; } } if (m3+m4>2*y) y = (m3+m4)/2; /* lower end may overlap the next line */ if (m3>m3pre) m3pre = m3; else m3=y0; /* set for next-line scan */ if (m4>m4pre) m4pre = m4; else m4=y0; /* set for next-line scan */ } lines->num = i; if (JOB->cfg.verbose) fprintf(stderr, " num_lines= %d", lines->num-1); return 0; } // ----- layout analyzis of dx*dy region at x0,y0 ----- // ----- detect lines via recursive division (new version) --------------- // what about text in frames??? // ToDo: change to bottom-top analyse or/and take rotation into account int detect_lines2(pix *p,int x0,int y0,int dx,int dy,int r){ int i,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4,x5,y5,y6,mx,my,x30,x31,y30,y31; struct box *box2,*box3; // shrink box if(dx<=0 || dy<=0) return 0; if(y0+dy< p->y/128 && y0==0) return 0; /* looks like dust */ if(y0>p->y-p->y/128 && y0+dy==p->y) return 0; /* looks like dust */ if(r>1000){ return -1;} // something is wrong if(JOB->cfg.verbose)fprintf(stderr,"\n# r=%2d ",r); mx=my=i=0; // mean thickness // remove border, shrink size x2=x0+dx-1; // min x y2=y0+dy-1; // min y x3=x0; // max x y3=y0; // max y for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { box3 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if(box3->y0>=y0 && box3->y1x0>=x0 && box3->x1x1 > x3 ) x3=box3->x1; // max x if( box3->x0 < x2 ) x2=box3->x0; // min x if( box3->y1 > y3 ) y3=box3->y1; // max y if( box3->y0 < y2 ) y2=box3->y0; // min y if(box3->c!=PICTURE) if( box3->y1 - box3->y0 > 4 ) { i++; mx+=box3->x1-box3->x0+1; // mean x my+=box3->y1-box3->y0+1; // mean y } } } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); x0=x2; dx=x3-x2+1; y0=y2; dy=y3-y2+1; if(i==0 || dx<=0 || dy<=0) return 0; mx/=i;my/=i; // better look for widest h/v-gap, ToDo: vertical lines? if(r<8){ // max. depth // detect widest horizontal gap y2=y3=y4=y5=y6=0; x2=x3=x4=x5=y5=0;// min. 3 lines // position and thickness of gap, y6=num_gaps, nbox^2 ops for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { // not very efficient, sorry box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if( box2->c!=PICTURE ) /* ToDo: not sure, that this is a good idea */ if( box2->y0>=y0 && box2->y1x0>=x0 && box2->x1y1-box2->y0>my/2 ){ // no pictures & dust??? y4=y0+dy-1; // nearest vert. box x4=x0+dx-1; // ToDo: rotate back box2->x1,y1 to x21,y21 // look for nearest lowest (y4) and right (x4) neighbour // of every box (box2) for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { box3 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if(box3!=box2) if(box3->y0>=y0 && box3->y1x0>=x0 && box3->x1c!=PICTURE) /* ToDo: not sure, that this is a good idea */ if(box3->y1-box3->y0>my/2 ){ // ToDo: here we need the rotation around box2 x30=box3->x0; x31=box3->x1; y30=box3->y0; y31=box3->y1; // get min. distances to lower and to right direction if( y31 > box2->y1 && y30 < y4 ) y4=y30-1; if( x31 > box2->x1 && x30 < x4 ) x4=x30-1; } } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); // set the witdht and position of largest hor./vert. gap // largest gap: width position if( y4-box2->y1 > y3 ) { y3=y4-box2->y1; y2=(y4+box2->y1)/2; } if( x4-box2->x1 > x3 ) { x3=x4-box2->x1; x2=(x4+box2->x1)/2; } } } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); // fprintf(stderr,"\n widest y-gap= %4d %4d",y2,y3); // fprintf(stderr,"\n widest x-gap= %4d %4d",x2,x3); i=0; // i=1 at x, i=2 at y // this is the critical point // is this a good decision or not??? if(x3>0 || y3>0){ if(x3>mx && x3>2*y3 && (dy>5*x3 || (x3>10*y3 && y3>0))) i=1; else if(dx>5*y3 && y3>my) i=2; } // compare with largest box??? for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { // not very efficient, sorry box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if( box2->c == PICTURE ) if( box2->y0>=y0 && box2->y1x0>=x0 && box2->x1x1-box2->x0+4 > dx && box2->y1+4y1+1; i=2; break; } if( box2->x1-box2->x0+4 > dx && box2->y0-4>y0 ) { y3=1; y2=box2->y0-1; i=2; break; } if( box2->y1-box2->y0+4 > dy && box2->x1+4x1+1; i=1; break; } if( box2->y1-box2->y0+4 > dy && box2->x0-4>x0 ) { x3=1; x2=box2->x0-1; i=1; break; } } } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if(JOB->cfg.verbose)fprintf(stderr," i=%d",i); if(JOB->cfg.verbose && i) fprintf(stderr," divide at %s x=%4d y=%4d dx=%4d dy=%4d", ((i)?( (i==1)?"x":"y" ):"?"),x2,y2,x3,y3); // divide horizontally if v-gap is thicker than h-gap // and length is larger 5*width if(i==1){ detect_lines2(p,x0,y0,x2-x0+1,dy,r+1); return detect_lines2(p,x2,y0,x0+dx-x2+1,dy,r+1); } // divide vertically if(i==2){ detect_lines2(p,x0,y0,dx,y2-y0+1,r+1); return detect_lines2(p,x0,y2,dx,y0+dy-y2+1,r+1); } } if(JOB->cfg.verbose) if(dx<5 || dy<7)fprintf(stderr," empty box"); if(dx<5 || dy<7) return 0; // do not care about dust if(JOB->cfg.verbose)fprintf(stderr, " box detected at %4d %4d %4d %4d",x0,y0,dx,dy); if(JOB->tmp.ppo.p){ for(i=0;itmp.ppo,x0+i ,y0 ,255,16); for(i=0;itmp.ppo,x0+i ,y0+dy-1,255,16); for(i=0;itmp.ppo,x0 ,y0+i ,255,16); for(i=0;itmp.ppo,x0+dx-1,y0+i ,255,16); // writebmp("out10.bmp",p2,JOB->cfg.verbose); // colored should be better } return detect_lines1(p,x0-0*1,y0-0*2,dx+0*2,dy+0*3); /* struct tlines *lines = &JOB->res.lines; i=lines->num; lines->num++; lines->m1[i]=y0; lines->m2[i]=y0+5*dy/16; lines->m3[i]=y0+12*dy/16; lines->m4[i]=y0+dy-1; lines->x0[i]=x0; lines->x1[i]=x0+dx-1; if(JOB->cfg.verbose)fprintf(stderr," - line= %d",lines->num); return 0; */ } /* ToDo: herons algorithm for square root x=(x+y/x)/2 is more efficient * than interval subdivision (?) (germ.: Intervallschachtelung) * without using matlib * see http://www.math.vt.edu/people/brown/doc/sqrts.pdf */ int my_sqrt(int x){ int y0=0,y1=x,ym; for (;y0res.lines.{dx,dy} * pass 1: get mean vector to nearest char * pass 2: get mean vector to nearest char without outriders to pass 1 * extimate direction as (dx,dy,num)[pass] * ToDo: estimate an error, boxes only work fine for zero-rotation * for 45 degree use vectors, not boxes to get base line */ #define INorm 1024 /* integer unit 1.0 */ int detect_rotation_angle(job_t *job){ struct box *box2, *box3, *box_nn; /* nearest neighbour box */ int x2, y2, x3, y3, dist, mindist, pass, rx=0, ry=0, re=0, // final result /* to avoid 2nd run, wie store pairs in 2 different categories */ nn[4]={0,0,0,0}, /* num_pairs used for estimation [(pass-1)%2,pass%2] */ dx[4]={0,0,0,0}, /* x-component of rotation vector per pass */ dy[4]={0,0,0,0}, /* y-component of rotation vector per pass */ er[4]={INorm/4,0,0,0}; /* mean angle deviation to pass-1 (radius^2) */ // de; /* ToDo: absolute maximum error (dx^2+dy^2) */ // ToDo: next pass: go to bigger distances and reduce max error // error is diff between passes? or diff of bottoms and top borders (?) rx=1024; ry=0; // default for (pass=0;pass<4;pass++) { for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) { box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist)); if (box2->c==PICTURE) continue; /* subfunction probability of char */ // i? // if (box2->x1 - box2->x0 < 3) continue; /* smallest font is 4x6 */ if (box2->y1 - box2->y0 < 4) continue; /* set maximum possible distance */ box_nn=box2; // initial box to compare with // ToDo: clustering or majority // the algorithm is far from being perfect, pitfalls are likely // but its better than the old algorithm, ToDo: database-rotated-images mindist = job->src.p.x * job->src.p.x + job->src.p.y * job->src.p.y; /* get middle point of the box */ x2 = (box2->x0 + box2->x1)/2; y2 = (box2->y0 + box2->y1)/2; re=0; /* search for nearest neighbour box_nn[pass+1] of box_nn[pass] */ for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) { box3 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist)); /* try to select only potential neighbouring chars */ /* select out all senseless combinations */ if (box3->c==PICTURE || box3==box2) continue; x3 = (box3->x0 + box3->x1)/2; y3 = (box3->y0 + box3->y1)/2; /* get middle point of the box */ if (x3 pass-1? // scalprod max in direction, cross prod min in direction // a,b (vectors): ^2/(|a|*|b|)^2 = 0(90deg)..0.5(45deg).. 1(0deg) // * 1024 ?? if (pass>0) { // new variant = scalar product // danger of int overflow, ToDo: use int fraction re =(int) ((1.*(x3-x2)*dx[pass-1]+(y3-y2)*dy[pass-1]) *(1.*(x3-x2)*dx[pass-1]+(y3-y2)*dy[pass-1])*INorm /(1.*((x3-x2)*(x3-x2)+(y3-y2)*(y3-y2)) *(1.*dx[pass-1]*dx[pass-1]+dy[pass-1]*dy[pass-1]))); if (INorm-re>er[pass-1]) continue; // hits mean deviation } /* neighbours should have same order of size (?) */ if (3*(box3->y1-box3->y0+4) < 2*(box2->y1-box2->y0+1)) continue; if (2*(box3->y1-box3->y0+1) > 3*(box2->y1-box2->y0+4)) continue; if (2*(box3->x1-box3->x0+1) > 5*(box2->x1-box2->x0+4)) continue; if (5*(box3->x1-box3->x0+4) < 2*(box2->x1-box2->x0+1)) continue; /* should be in right range, Idea: center3 outside box2? noholes */ if ((x3x1-1) && (x3>box2->x0+1) && (y3y1-1) && (y3>box2->y0+1)) continue; // if chars are of different size, connect careful if ( abs(x3-x2) > 2*(box2->x1 - box2->x0 + box3->x1 - box3 ->x0 + 2)) continue; if ( abs(y3-y2) > (box2->x1 - box2->x0 + box3->x1 - box3 ->x0 + 2)) continue; dist = (y3-y2)*(y3-y2) + (x3-x2)*(x3-x2); // make distances in pass-1 directions shorter or continue if not in pass-1 range? if (dist<9) continue; /* minimum distance^2 is 3^2 */ if (distres.boxlist)); if (box_nn==box2) continue; /* has no neighbour, next box */ box3=box_nn; dist=mindist; x3 = (box3->x0 + box3->x1)/2; y3 = (box3->y0 + box3->y1)/2; /* get middle point of the box */ // dist = my_sqrt(1024*((x3-x2)*(x3-x2)+(y3-y2)*(y3-y2))); // compare with first box x2 = (box2->x0 + box2->x1)/2; y2 = (box2->y0 + box2->y1)/2; // if the high of neighbouring boxes differ, use min diff (y0,y1) if (pass>0 && 16*abs(dy[pass-1]) < dx[pass-1]) // dont work for strong rot. if (abs(box2->y1-box2->y0-box3->y1+box3->y0)>(box2->y1-box2->y0)/8) { // ad eh ck ... if (abs(box2->y1-box3->y1)y1; y3=box3->y1; } // ag ep qu ... if (abs(box2->y0-box3->y0)y0; y3=box3->y0; } } if (abs(x3-x2)<4) continue; dx[pass]+=(x3-x2)*1024; /* normalized before averaging */ dy[pass]+=(y3-y2)*1024; /* 1024 is for the precision */ nn[pass]++; if (pass>0) { // set error = mean deviation from pass -1 re = INorm-(int)((1.*(x3-x2)*dx[pass-1]+(y3-y2)*dy[pass-1]) *(1.*(x3-x2)*dx[pass-1]+(y3-y2)*dy[pass-1])*INorm /((1.*(x3-x2)*(x3-x2)+(y3-y2)*(y3-y2)) *(1.*dx[pass-1]*dx[pass-1]+dy[pass-1]*dy[pass-1])) ); er[pass]+=re; } #if 0 if(JOB->cfg.verbose) fprintf(stderr,"# next nb (x,y,dx,dy,re) %6d %6d %5d %5d %5d pass %d\n", x2, y2, x3-x2, y3-y2, re, pass+1); #endif } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist)); if (!nn[pass]) break; if (nn[pass]) { /* meanvalues */ rx=dx[pass]/=nn[pass]; ry=dy[pass]/=nn[pass]; if (pass>0) er[pass]/=nn[pass]; } if(JOB->cfg.verbose) fprintf(stderr,"# rotation angle (x,y,maxr,num)" " %6d %6d %6d %4d pass %d\n", rx, ry, er[pass], nn[pass], pass+1); } if (abs(ry*100)>abs(rx*50)) fprintf(stderr,"\n"); /* ToDo: normalize to 2^10 bit (square fits to 32 it) */ JOB->res.lines.dx=rx; JOB->res.lines.dy=ry; return 0; } /* ----- detect lines --------------- */ int detect_text_lines(pix * pp, int mo) { if (JOB->cfg.verbose) fprintf(stderr, "# detect.c detect_text_lines (vvv=16 for more info) "); if (mo & 4){ if (JOB->cfg.verbose) fprintf(stderr, "# zoning\n# ... "); detect_lines2(pp, 0, 0, pp->x, pp->y, 0); // later replaced by better algo } else detect_lines1(pp, 0, 0, pp->x, pp->y); // old algo if(JOB->cfg.verbose) fprintf(stderr,"\n"); return 0; } /* ----- adjust lines --------------- */ // rotation angle? JOB->res.lines.dy, .x0 removed later // this is for cases, where m1..m4 is not very sure detected before // chars are recognized int adjust_text_lines(pix * pp, int mo) { struct box *box2; int *m, /* summ m1..m4, num_chars for m1..m4, min m1..m4, max. m1..m4 */ l, i, dy, dx, diff=0, y0, y1; if ((l=JOB->res.lines.num)<2) return 0; // ??? if (JOB->cfg.verbose) fprintf(stderr, "# adjust text lines "); m=(int *)malloc(l*16*sizeof(int)); if (!m) { fprintf(stderr," malloc failed\n"); return 0;} for (i=0;i<16*l;i++) m[i]=0; /* initialize */ dy=JOB->res.lines.dy; /* tan(alpha) of skewing */ dx=JOB->res.lines.dx; /* old: width of image */ // js: later skewing is replaced by one transformation of vectorized image if (dx) for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if (box2->line<=0) continue; if (box2->num_ac<1) continue; if (box2->wac[0]<95) continue; if (box2->m2==0 || box2->y1m2) continue; // char outside line if (box2->m3==4 || box2->y0>box2->m3) continue; // char outside line y0=box2->y0-((box2->x1)*dy/dx); /* corrected by page skewing */ y1=box2->y1-((box2->x1)*dy/dx); if (strchr("aemnr",(char)box2->tac[0])) { // cC vV sS oO ... is unsure! m[box2->line*16+1]+=y0; m[box2->line*16+5]++; // num m2 m[box2->line*16+2]+=y1; m[box2->line*16+6]++; // num m3 if (m[box2->line*16+ 9]>y0) m[box2->line*16+ 9]=y0; /* min m2 */ if (m[box2->line*16+13]line*16+13]=y0; /* max m2 */ if (m[box2->line*16+10]>y1) m[box2->line*16+10]=y1; /* min m3 */ if (m[box2->line*16+14]line*16+14]=y1; /* max m3 */ } if (strchr("bdhklABDEFGHIKLMNRT123456789",(char)box2->tac[0])) { m[box2->line*16+0]+=y0; m[box2->line*16+4]++; // num m1 m[box2->line*16+2]+=y1; m[box2->line*16+6]++; // num m3 if (m[box2->line*16+ 8]>y0) m[box2->line*16+ 8]=y0; /* min m1 */ if (m[box2->line*16+12]line*16+12]=y0; /* max m1 */ if (m[box2->line*16+10]>y1) m[box2->line*16+10]=y1; /* min m3 */ if (m[box2->line*16+14]line*16+14]=y1; /* max m3 */ } if (strchr("gq",(char)box2->tac[0])) { m[box2->line*16+1]+=y0; m[box2->line*16+5]++; // num m2 m[box2->line*16+3]+=y1; m[box2->line*16+7]++; // num m4 if (m[box2->line*16+ 9]>y0) m[box2->line*16+ 9]=y0; /* min m2 */ if (m[box2->line*16+13]line*16+13]=y0; /* max m2 */ if (m[box2->line*16+11]>y1) m[box2->line*16+11]=y1; /* min m4 */ if (m[box2->line*16+15]line*16+15]=y1; /* max m4 */ } } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); for (i=1;ires.lines.m1[i]-m[i*16+0]/m[i*16+4]); if (m[i*16+5]) diff+=abs(JOB->res.lines.m2[i]-m[i*16+1]/m[i*16+5]); if (m[i*16+6]) diff+=abs(JOB->res.lines.m3[i]-m[i*16+2]/m[i*16+6]); if (m[i*16+7]) diff+=abs(JOB->res.lines.m4[i]-m[i*16+3]/m[i*16+7]); /* recalculate sureness, empirically */ if (m[i*16+4]*m[i*16+5]*m[i*16+6]*m[i*16+7] > 0) JOB->res.lines.wt[i]=(JOB->res.lines.wt[i]+100)/2; else JOB->res.lines.wt[i]=(JOB->res.lines.wt[i]*90)/100; // set mean values of sure detected bounds (rounded precisely) if ( m[i*16+4]) JOB->res.lines.m1[i]=(m[i*16+0]+m[i*16+4]/2)/m[i*16+4]; if ( m[i*16+5]) JOB->res.lines.m2[i]=(m[i*16+1]+m[i*16+5]/2)/m[i*16+5]; if ( m[i*16+6]) JOB->res.lines.m3[i]=(m[i*16+2]+m[i*16+6]/2)/m[i*16+6]; if ( m[i*16+7]) JOB->res.lines.m4[i]=(m[i*16+3]+m[i*16+7]/2)/m[i*16+7]; // care about very small fonts if (JOB->res.lines.m2[i]-JOB->res.lines.m1[i]<=1 && m[i*16+5]==0 && m[i*16+4]) JOB->res.lines.m2[i]=JOB->res.lines.m1[i]+2; if (JOB->res.lines.m2[i]-JOB->res.lines.m1[i]<=1 && m[i*16+4]==0 && m[i*16+5]) JOB->res.lines.m1[i]=JOB->res.lines.m2[i]-2; if (JOB->res.lines.m4[i]-JOB->res.lines.m3[i]<=1 && m[i*16+7]==0 && m[i*16+6]) JOB->res.lines.m4[i]=JOB->res.lines.m3[i]+2; if (JOB->res.lines.m4[i]-JOB->res.lines.m3[i]<=1 && m[i*16+6]==0 && m[i*16+7]) JOB->res.lines.m3[i]=JOB->res.lines.m4[i]-2; if ( m[i*16+7]<1 && JOB->res.lines.m4[i] <=JOB->res.lines.m3[i]+(JOB->res.lines.m3[i]-JOB->res.lines.m2[i])/4 ) JOB->res.lines.m4[i]= JOB->res.lines.m3[i]+(JOB->res.lines.m3[i]-JOB->res.lines.m2[i])/4; if ( m[i*16+7]<1 && m[i*16+12+2]>0 && // m4 < max.m3+.. JOB->res.lines.m4[i] < 2*m[i*16+12+2]-JOB->res.lines.m3[i]+2 ) JOB->res.lines.m4[i] = 2*m[i*16+12+2]-JOB->res.lines.m3[i]+2; if (JOB->res.lines.m4[i]<=JOB->res.lines.m3[i]) JOB->res.lines.m4[i]= JOB->res.lines.m3[i]+1; /* 4x6 */ if (JOB->cfg.verbose & 17) fprintf(stderr, "\n# line= %3d m= %4d %+3d %+3d %+3d " " n= %2d %2d %2d %2d w= %3d diff= %d", i, JOB->res.lines.m1[i], JOB->res.lines.m2[i] - JOB->res.lines.m1[i], JOB->res.lines.m3[i] - JOB->res.lines.m1[i], JOB->res.lines.m4[i] - JOB->res.lines.m1[i], m[i*16+4],m[i*16+5],m[i*16+6],m[i*16+7], JOB->res.lines.wt[i], diff); } diff=0; // count adjusted chars #if 1 if (dx) for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if (box2->line<=0) continue; /* check if box was on the wrong line, ToDo: search a better line */ if (2*box2->y0<2*JOB->res.lines.m1[box2->line] -JOB->res.lines.m4[box2->line] +JOB->res.lines.m1[box2->line]) box2->line=0; if (2*box2->y1>2*JOB->res.lines.m4[box2->line] +JOB->res.lines.m4[box2->line] -JOB->res.lines.m1[box2->line]) box2->line=0; /* do adjustments */ if (box2->num_ac>0 && box2->num_ac > 31 && box2->tac[0] < 127 /* islower(>256) may SIGSEGV */ && strchr("cCoOpPsSuUvVwWxXyYzZ",(char)box2->tac[0])) { // no_wchar if (box2->y0-((box2->x1)*dy/dx) < (JOB->res.lines.m1[box2->line]+JOB->res.lines.m2[box2->line])/2 && islower(box2->tac[0]) ) { setac(box2,toupper((char)box2->tac[0]),(box2->wac[0]+101)/2); diff++; } if (box2->y0-((box2->x1)*dy/dx) > (JOB->res.lines.m1[box2->line]+JOB->res.lines.m2[box2->line]+1)/2 && isupper(box2->tac[0]) ){ setac(box2,tolower((char)box2->tac[0]),(box2->wac[0]+101)/2); diff++; } } box2->m1=JOB->res.lines.m1[box2->line]+((box2->x1)*dy/dx); box2->m2=JOB->res.lines.m2[box2->line]+((box2->x1)*dy/dx); box2->m3=JOB->res.lines.m3[box2->line]+((box2->x1)*dy/dx); box2->m4=JOB->res.lines.m4[box2->line]+((box2->x1)*dy/dx); } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); #endif free(m); if(JOB->cfg.verbose) fprintf(stderr,"\n# changed_chars= %d\n",diff); return(diff); } /* ---- measure mean character * recalculate mean width and high after changes in boxlist * ToDo: only within a Range? */ int calc_average() { int i = 0, x0, y0, x1, y1; struct box *box4; JOB->res.numC = 0; JOB->res.sumY = 0; JOB->res.sumX = 0; for_each_data(&(JOB->res.boxlist)) { box4 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if( box4->c != PICTURE ){ x0 = box4->x0; x1 = box4->x1; y0 = box4->y0; y1 = box4->y1; i++; if (JOB->res.avX * JOB->res.avY > 0) { if (x1 - x0 + 1 > 4 * JOB->res.avX && y1 - y0 + 1 > 4 * JOB->res.avY) continue; /* small picture */ if (4 * (y1 - y0 + 1) < JOB->res.avY || y1 - y0 < 2) continue; // dots .,-_ etc. } if (x1 - x0 + 1 < 4 && y1 - y0 + 1 < 6 ) continue; /* dots etc */ JOB->res.sumX += x1 - x0 + 1; JOB->res.sumY += y1 - y0 + 1; JOB->res.numC++; } } end_for_each(&(JOB->res.boxlist)); if ( JOB->res.numC ) { /* avoid div 0 */ JOB->res.avY = (JOB->res.sumY+JOB->res.numC/2) / JOB->res.numC; JOB->res.avX = (JOB->res.sumX+JOB->res.numC/2) / JOB->res.numC; } if (JOB->cfg.verbose){ fprintf(stderr, "# averages: mXmY= %d %d nC= %d n= %d\n", JOB->res.avX, JOB->res.avY, JOB->res.numC, i); } return 0; } /* ---- analyse boxes, find pictures and mark (do this first!!!) */ int detect_pictures(job_t *job) { int i = 0, x0, y0, x1, y1, num_h; struct box *box2, *box4; if ( job->res.numC == 0 ) { if (job->cfg.verbose) fprintf(stderr, "# detect.c L%d Warning: numC=0\n", __LINE__); return -1; } /* ToDo: set Y to uppercase mean value? */ job->res.avY = (job->res.sumY+job->res.numC/2) / job->res.numC; job->res.avX = (job->res.sumX+job->res.numC/2) / job->res.numC; /* ToDo: two highest volumes? crosses, on extreme volume + on border */ if (job->cfg.verbose) fprintf(stderr, "# detect.c L%d pictures, frames, mXmY= %d %d ... ", __LINE__, job->res.avX, job->res.avY); for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) { box2 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist)); if (box2->c == PICTURE) continue; x0 = box2->x0; x1 = box2->x1; y0 = box2->y0; y1 = box2->y1; /* pictures could be of unusual size */ if (x1 - x0 + 1 > 4 * job->res.avX || y1 - y0 + 1 > 4 * job->res.avY) { /* count objects on same baseline which could be chars */ /* else: big headlines could be misinterpreted as pictures */ num_h=0; for_each_data(&(job->res.boxlist)) { box4 = (struct box *)list_get_current(&(job->res.boxlist)); if (box4->c == PICTURE) continue; if (box4->y1-box4->y0 > 2*(y1-y0)) continue; if (2*(box4->y1-box4->y0) < y1-y0) continue; if (box4->y0 > y0 + (y1-y0+1)/2 || box4->y0 < y0 - (y1-y0+1)/2 || box4->y1 > y1 + (y1-y0+1)/2 || box4->y1 < y1 - (y1-y0+1)/2) continue; // ToDo: continue if numcross() only 1, example: |||IIIll||| num_h++; } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist)); if (num_h>4) continue; box2->c = PICTURE; i++; } /* ToDo: pictures could have low contrast=Sum((pixel(p,x,y)-160)^2) */ } end_for_each(&(job->res.boxlist)); // start second iteration if (job->cfg.verbose) { fprintf(stderr, " %d - boxes %d\n", i, job->res.numC-i); } calc_average(); return 0; }