Adjust merged-/usr as it's done by debootstrap
- implements the same as debootstrap in https://salsa.debian.org/installer-team/debootstrap/-/merge_requests/71 - builds a temporary usr-is-merged package and upgrades to the real one - create merged-/usr chroots for unstable and testing (which will become Debian 12 Bookworm) - add a dedicated merged-/usr section to the manual page
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9 changed files with 170 additions and 27 deletions
15
hooks/merged-usr/essential00.sh
Executable file
15
hooks/merged-usr/essential00.sh
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@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
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#!/bin/sh
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set -eu
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if [ "$MMDEBSTRAP_VERBOSITY" -ge 3 ]; then
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set -x
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fi
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TARGET="$1"
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APT_CONFIG=$MMDEBSTRAP_APT_CONFIG apt-get --yes install -oDPkg::Chroot-Directory="$TARGET" usr-is-merged
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chroot "$TARGET" dpkg-query --showformat '${db:Status-Status}\n' --show usr-is-merged | grep -q '^installed$'
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chroot "$TARGET" dpkg-query --showformat '${Source}\n' --show usr-is-merged | grep -q '^usrmerge$'
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dpkg --compare-versions "1" "lt" "$(chroot "$TARGET" dpkg-query --showformat '${Version}\n' --show usr-is-merged)"
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@ -78,3 +78,34 @@ else
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mkdir -p "$TARGET/usr/$dir"
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done
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fi
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# now install an empty "usr-is-merged" package to avoid installing the
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# usrmerge package on this system even after init-system-helpers starts
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# depending on "usrmerge | usr-is-merged".
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#
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# This package will not end up in the final chroot because the essential
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# hook replaces it with the actual usr-is-merged package from src:usrmerge.
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tmpdir=$(mktemp --directory --tmpdir="$TARGET/tmp")
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mkdir -p "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged/DEBIAN"
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cat << END > "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged/DEBIAN/control"
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Package: usr-is-merged
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Priority: optional
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Section: oldlibs
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Maintainer: Johannes Schauer Marin Rodrigues <josch@debian.org>
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Architecture: all
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Multi-Arch: foreign
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Source: mmdebstrap-dummy-usr-is-merged
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Version: 1
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Description: dummy package created by mmdebstrap merged-usr setup hook
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This package was generated and installed by the mmdebstrap merged-usr
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setup hook at /usr/share/mmdebstrap/hooks/merged-usr.
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.
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If this package is installed in the final chroot, then this is a bug
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in mmdebstrap. Please report: https://gitlab.mister-muffin.de/josch/mmdebstrap
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END
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dpkg-deb --build "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged" "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged.deb"
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dpkg --root="$TARGET" --log="$TARGET/var/log/dpkg.log" --install "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged.deb"
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rm "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged.deb" "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged/DEBIAN/control"
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rmdir "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged/DEBIAN" "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged" "$tmpdir"
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15
hooks/no-merged-usr/essential00.sh
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15
hooks/no-merged-usr/essential00.sh
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@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
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#!/bin/sh
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set -eu
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if [ "$MMDEBSTRAP_VERBOSITY" -ge 3 ]; then
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set -x
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fi
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TARGET="$1"
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APT_CONFIG=$MMDEBSTRAP_APT_CONFIG apt-get --yes install -oDPkg::Chroot-Directory="$TARGET" usr-is-merged
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chroot "$TARGET" dpkg-query --showformat '${db:Status-Status}\n' --show usr-is-merged | grep -q '^installed$'
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chroot "$TARGET" dpkg-query --showformat '${Source}\n' --show usr-is-merged | grep -q '^usrmerge$'
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dpkg --compare-versions "1" "lt" "$(chroot "$TARGET" dpkg-query --showformat '${Version}\n' --show usr-is-merged)"
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53
hooks/no-merged-usr/setup00.sh
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53
hooks/no-merged-usr/setup00.sh
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@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
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#!/bin/sh
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#
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# mmdebstrap does have a --no-merged-usr option but only as a no-op for
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# debootstrap compatibility
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#
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# Using this hook script, you can emulate what debootstrap does to set up
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# a system without merged-/usr even after the essential init-system-helpers
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# package added a dependency on "usrmerge | usr-is-merged". By installing
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# a dummy usr-is-merged package, it avoids pulling in the dependencies of
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# the usrmerge package.
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set -eu
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if [ "$MMDEBSTRAP_VERBOSITY" -ge 3 ]; then
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set -x
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fi
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TARGET="$1"
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echo "Warning: starting with Debian 12 (Bookworm), systems without merged-/usr are not supported anymore" >&2
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echo "this system will not be supported in the future" > "$TARGET/etc/unsupported-skip-usrmerge-conversion"
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# now install an empty "usr-is-merged" package to avoid installing the
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# usrmerge package on this system even after init-system-helpers starts
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# depending on "usrmerge | usr-is-merged".
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#
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# This package will not end up in the final chroot because the essential
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# hook replaces it with the actual usr-is-merged package from src:usrmerge.
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tmpdir=$(mktemp --directory --tmpdir="$TARGET/tmp")
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mkdir -p "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged/DEBIAN"
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cat << END > "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged/DEBIAN/control"
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Package: usr-is-merged
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Priority: optional
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Section: oldlibs
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Maintainer: Johannes Schauer Marin Rodrigues <josch@debian.org>
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Architecture: all
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Multi-Arch: foreign
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Source: mmdebstrap-dummy-usr-is-merged
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Version: 1
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Description: dummy package created by mmdebstrap no-merged-usr setup hook
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This package was generated and installed by the mmdebstrap no-merged-usr
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setup hook at /usr/share/mmdebstrap/hooks/no-merged-usr.
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.
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If this package is installed in the final chroot, then this is a bug
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in mmdebstrap. Please report: https://gitlab.mister-muffin.de/josch/mmdebstrap
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END
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dpkg-deb --build "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged" "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged.deb"
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dpkg --root="$TARGET" --log="$TARGET/var/log/dpkg.log" --install "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged.deb"
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rm "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged.deb" "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged/DEBIAN/control"
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rmdir "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged/DEBIAN" "$tmpdir/usr-is-merged" "$tmpdir"
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@ -266,6 +266,13 @@ END
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pkgs="$(echo $pkgs) build-essential busybox gpg eatmydata"
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# we need usr-is-merged to simulate debootstrap behaviour for all dists
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# starting from Debian 12 (Bullseye)
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case "$dist" in
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oldstable|stable) : ;;
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*) pkgs="$pkgs usr-is-merged" ;;
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esac
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APT_CONFIG="$rootdir/etc/apt/apt.conf" apt-get --yes install $pkgs
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# to be able to also test gpg verification, we need to create a mirror
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@ -654,7 +661,7 @@ fi
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mirror="http://127.0.0.1/debian"
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for dist in oldstable stable testing unstable; do
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for variant in minbase buildd -; do
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echo "running debootstrap --no-merged-usr --variant=$variant $dist \${TEMPDIR} $mirror"
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echo "running debootstrap --variant=$variant $dist \${TEMPDIR} $mirror"
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cat << END > shared/test.sh
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#!/bin/sh
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set -eu
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@ -663,7 +670,14 @@ export SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH=$SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH
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echo "SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH=\$SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH"
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tmpdir="\$(mktemp -d)"
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chmod 755 "\$tmpdir"
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debootstrap --no-merged-usr --variant=$variant $dist "\$tmpdir" $mirror
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case "$dist" in
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oldstable|stable)
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debootstrap --no-merged-usr --variant=$variant $dist "\$tmpdir" $mirror
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;;
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*)
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debootstrap --merged-usr --variant=$variant $dist "\$tmpdir" $mirror
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;;
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esac
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tar --sort=name --mtime=@$SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH --clamp-mtime --numeric-owner --one-file-system --xattrs -C "\$tmpdir" -c . > "$newcache/debian-$dist-$variant.tar"
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rm -r "\$tmpdir"
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END
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55
mmdebstrap
55
mmdebstrap
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@ -6098,10 +6098,6 @@ package list is free of duplicates. So the following are equivalent:
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--include=pkg1/stable,pkg2=1.0,pkg3-
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--incl=pkg1/stable --incl="pkg2=1.0 pkg3-" --incl=pkg2=1.0,pkg3-
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Example: setting up merged-/usr via the usrmerge package
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--include=usrmerge
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=item B<--components>=I<comp1>[,I<comp2>,...]
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Comma or whitespace separated list of components like main, contrib and
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@ -6148,18 +6144,7 @@ installed. At that point, the chroot directory does not contain any
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executables and thus cannot be chroot-ed into. See section B<HOOKS> for more
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information.
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Example 1: Setup merged-/usr via symlinks, omitting the architecture specific
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symlinks
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--setup-hook='for d in bin sbin lib; do ln -s usr/$d "$1/$d";
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mkdir -p "$1/usr/$d"; done'
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Example 2: Setup merged-/usr using debootstrap-method which takes care of the
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architecture specific symlinks
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--setup-hook=/usr/share/mmdebstrap/hooks/merged-usr/setup00.sh
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Example 3: Setup chroot for installing a sub-essential busybox-based chroot
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Example: Setup chroot for installing a sub-essential busybox-based chroot
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with --variant=custom
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--include=dpkg,busybox,libc-bin,base-files,base-passwd,debianutils
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@ -6170,8 +6155,8 @@ with --variant=custom
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--setup-hook='echo root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/sh > "$1/etc/passwd"'
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--setup-hook='printf "root:x:0:\nmail:x:8:\nutmp:x:43:\n" > "$1/etc/group"'
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For a more elegant way to setup merged-/usr via symlinks and for setting up a
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sub-essential busybox-based chroot, see the B<--hook-dir> option below.
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For a more elegant way for setting up a sub-essential busybox-based chroot, see
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the B<--hook-dir> option below.
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=item B<--extract-hook>=I<command>
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@ -6252,12 +6237,7 @@ Example 2: Setup chroot for installing a sub-essential busybox-based chroot
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--hook-dir=/usr/share/mmdebstrap/hooks/busybox
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Example 3: Setup merged-/usr using debootstrap-method which takes care of the
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architecture specific symlinks
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--hook-dir=/usr/share/mmdebstrap/hooks/merged-usr
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Example 4: Automatically mount all directories referenced by C<file://> mirrors
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Example 3: Automatically mount all directories referenced by C<file://> mirrors
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into the chroot
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--hook-dir=/usr/share/mmdebstrap/hooks/file-mirror-automount
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@ -7095,6 +7075,33 @@ I<--merged-usr> and I<--no-merged-usr>
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=back
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=head1 MERGED-/USR
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B<mmdebstrap> will create a merged-/usr chroot or not depending on whether
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packages setting up merged-/usr (i.e. the B<usrmerge> package) are installed or
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not. In Debian, the essential package B<init-system-helpers> is will depend
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on the B<usrmerge> package, starting with Debian 12 (Bookworm).
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Before Debian 12 (Bookworm), to force B<mmdebstrap> to create a chroot with
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merged-/usr using symlinks, either explicitly install the B<usrmerge> package:
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--include=usrmerge
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or setup merged-/usr using the debootstrap-method which takes care of the
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architecture specific symlinks and installs the B<usr-is-merged> package.
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--hook-dir=/usr/share/mmdebstrap/hooks/merged-usr
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To force B<mmdebstrap> to create a chroot without merged-/usr even after the
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Debian 12 (Bookworm) release, you can use the following hook:
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--hook-dir=/usr/share/mmdebstrap/hooks/no-merged-usr
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This will write "this system will not be supported in the future" into
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F</etc/unsupported-skip-usrmerge-conversion> inside the chroot and install the
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B<usr-is-merged> package to avoid the installation of the B<usrmerge> package
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and its dependencies.
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=head1 COMPRESSION
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B<mmdebstrap> will choose a suitable compressor for the output tarball
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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ if [ ! -e /mmdebstrap-testenv ]; then
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fi
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sysctl -w kernel.unprivileged_userns_clone=1
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adduser --gecos user --disabled-password user
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runuser -u user -- {{ CMD }} --variant=custom --mode=unshare --setup-hook='env container=lxc debootstrap --no-merged-usr unstable "$1" {{ MIRROR }}' - /tmp/debian-mm.tar {{ MIRROR }}
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runuser -u user -- {{ CMD }} --variant=custom --mode=unshare --setup-hook='env container=lxc debootstrap unstable "$1" {{ MIRROR }}' - /tmp/debian-mm.tar {{ MIRROR }}
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mkdir /tmp/debian-mm
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tar --xattrs --xattrs-include='*' -C /tmp/debian-mm -xf /tmp/debian-mm.tar
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@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ echo "SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH=$SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH"
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# we cannot use useradd because passwd is not Essential:yes
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{{ CMD }} --variant={{ VARIANT }} --mode={{ MODE }} \
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--essential-hook='if [ {{ VARIANT }} = - ]; then echo _apt:*:100:65534::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin >> "$1"/etc/passwd; fi' \
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$(case {{ DIST }} in oldstable|stable) : ;; *) echo --hook-dir=./hooks/merged-usr ;; esac) \
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{{ DIST }} /tmp/debian-{{ DIST }}-mm.tar {{ MIRROR }}
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mkdir /tmp/debian-{{ DIST }}-mm
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export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8
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trap "rm -rf /tmp/debian-chroot" EXIT INT TERM
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{{ CMD }} --mode=root --variant=apt \
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--essential-hook=./hooks/merged-usr/essential00.sh \
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--setup-hook=./hooks/merged-usr/setup00.sh \
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--customize-hook='[ -L "$1"/bin -a -L "$1"/sbin -a -L "$1"/lib ]' \
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{{ DIST }} /tmp/debian-chroot {{ MIRROR }}
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@ -40,4 +41,10 @@ tar -C /tmp/debian-chroot --one-file-system -c . | tar -t | sort > tar2.txt
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echo ./usr/lib32/;
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;;
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esac
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echo ./usr/share/doc/usr-is-merged/
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echo ./usr/share/doc/usr-is-merged/changelog.gz
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echo ./usr/share/doc/usr-is-merged/copyright
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echo ./var/lib/dpkg/info/usr-is-merged.list
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echo ./var/lib/dpkg/info/usr-is-merged.md5sums
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echo ./var/lib/dpkg/info/usr-is-merged.preinst
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} | sort -u | diff -u - tar2.txt
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