2017-07-10 15:38:20 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - INTRO! - - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="intro">
|
|
|
|
|
During the trench warfare<br>of World War I, peace broke out.
|
|
|
|
|
<br><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It was Christmas 1914.
|
|
|
|
|
Despite strict orders not to chill<br>
|
|
|
|
|
with the enemy, British and German soldiers left their trenches,<br>
|
|
|
|
|
and gathered to bury their dead, exchange gifts, and sing.
|
|
|
|
|
This wasn't unique. Even long before Christmas,
|
|
|
|
|
soldiers already had an unspoken system of "live and let live" --
|
|
|
|
|
a small peace in a Great War.
|
|
|
|
|
<br><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Meanwhile, the West is now at peace, and yet,
|
|
|
|
|
we distrust our governments, media, and <i>each other</i> more and more.
|
|
|
|
|
So, we gotta ask:
|
|
|
|
|
<b>
|
|
|
|
|
Why, even in the best of times, do friends become enemies?
|
|
|
|
|
But also why, even in the worst of times, why do enemies become friends?
|
|
|
|
|
</b>
|
|
|
|
|
<br><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
These are complex questions, but a simple idea from game<br>
|
|
|
|
|
theory can help shed some light! So, to understand<br>our epidemic of distrust...
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="intro_button">
|
|
|
|
|
...let's play a game. →
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017-07-10 18:06:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - ONE OFF! - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="oneoff_0_top">
|
|
|
|
|
<b>THE GAME OF TRUST:</b>
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
There's a machine. If one player puts a coin in the machine, the <i>other</i> player gets three coins.
|
|
|
|
|
A player can either choose to <b>COOPERATE</b> (put in one coin), or <b>CHEAT</b> (keep their coin).
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="oneoff_0_btm">
|
|
|
|
|
But there's a problem. Think about it: if the other player CHEATS, what should you do?
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="oneoff_1_cheated">
|
|
|
|
|
Fair enough – if the other player won't cooperate, why should you?
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="oneoff_1_cooperated">
|
|
|
|
|
Alas, turning the other cheek just gets you slapped on that cheek.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="oneoff_1_top">
|
|
|
|
|
Cooperating while the other person cheats means you lose a coin while they get three. (-1 vs +3)
|
|
|
|
|
However, both of you cheating means you both neither gain nor lose anything. (0 vs 0)
|
|
|
|
|
Therefore, you should <b>CHEAT</b>.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="oneoff_1_btm">
|
|
|
|
|
But if the other player <b>COOPERATES</b>, what should you do now?
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="oneoff_2_cheated">
|
|
|
|
|
Wow, that's mean. And also the correct answer!
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="oneoff_2_cooperated">
|
|
|
|
|
Yeah, seems like the right thing to do... but is it the *correct* thing to do?
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="oneoff_2_top">
|
|
|
|
|
Because, if you both cooperate, you both lose one coin and gain three (+2 vs +2).
|
|
|
|
|
But you can do <i>even better</i> – if you cheat while they cooperate,
|
|
|
|
|
<i>you</i> can gain three coins at no cost, while they lose a coin. (+3 vs -1)
|
|
|
|
|
Therefore, you should <i>still</i> <b>CHEAT</b>.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="oneoff_2_btm">
|
|
|
|
|
blah blah blah blah. But what if...
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="oneoff_button_next">
|
|
|
|
|
...we play more than once? →
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017-07-10 15:38:20 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - SANDBOX! - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
|
2017-06-26 19:52:49 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p id="sandbox_population">
|
2017-06-29 02:12:32 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Start off with this distribution of players:
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="sandbox_payoffs">
|
|
|
|
|
The payoffs in a one-on-one game are:
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-28 20:28:15 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p id="sandbox_reset_payoffs">
|
|
|
|
|
reset payoffs
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!--
|
|
|
|
|
When translating the following, keep the "[N]", with square brackets,
|
|
|
|
|
as a placeholder for the number. Some of these need double-translations,
|
|
|
|
|
one for the plural version, one for the singular version.
|
|
|
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="sandbox_rules_1">
|
|
|
|
|
Play [N] rounds per one-on-one game
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="sandbox_rules_1_single">
|
|
|
|
|
Play [N] round per one-on-one game
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="sandbox_rules_2">
|
|
|
|
|
After each tournament, eliminate the bottom [N] players & reproduce the top [N] players
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="sandbox_rules_2_single">
|
|
|
|
|
After each tournament, eliminate the bottom [N] player & reproduce the top [N] player
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="sandbox_rules_3">
|
2017-06-28 20:28:15 +00:00
|
|
|
|
In each round of a one-on-one game, there's a [N]% chance a player makes a mistake
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - THE PLAYERS - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_tft">
|
2017-07-10 15:38:20 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Copycat
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-29 02:12:32 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_short_tft">
|
|
|
|
|
copycat
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_all_d">
|
|
|
|
|
Always Cheat
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-29 02:12:32 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_short_all_d">
|
2017-07-10 15:38:20 +00:00
|
|
|
|
cheater
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_all_c">
|
|
|
|
|
Always Cooperate
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-29 02:12:32 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_short_all_c">
|
2017-07-10 15:38:20 +00:00
|
|
|
|
cooperater
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_grudge">
|
|
|
|
|
Grudger
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-29 02:12:32 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_short_grudge">
|
|
|
|
|
grudger
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_prober">
|
2017-07-10 15:38:20 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Detective
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-29 02:12:32 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_short_prober">
|
|
|
|
|
detective
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_tf2t">
|
2017-07-10 15:38:20 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Copykitten
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-29 02:12:32 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_short_tf2t">
|
|
|
|
|
copykitten
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_pavlov">
|
2017-07-10 15:38:20 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Simpleton
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-29 02:12:32 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_short_pavlov">
|
2017-07-10 15:38:20 +00:00
|
|
|
|
simpleton
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_random">
|
|
|
|
|
Lol So Random
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-29 02:12:32 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_short_random">
|
|
|
|
|
random
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - SMALL LABELS! - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_cooperate">
|
|
|
|
|
cooperate
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_cheat">
|
|
|
|
|
cheat
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_play">
|
|
|
|
|
play
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017-06-28 20:28:15 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_stop">
|
|
|
|
|
stop
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017-06-28 14:53:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_step">
|
|
|
|
|
step
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_reset">
|
|
|
|
|
reset
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_population">
|
|
|
|
|
population
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_payoffs">
|
|
|
|
|
payoffs
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_rules">
|
|
|
|
|
rules
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-06-26 19:52:49 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_play_tournament">
|
|
|
|
|
1) play tournament
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_eliminate_bottom_5">
|
|
|
|
|
2) eliminate bottom 5
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="label_reproduce_top_5">
|
|
|
|
|
3) reproduce top 5
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
2017-07-12 13:42:17 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - NAVIGATING CHAPTERS - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="chapter_intro">
|
|
|
|
|
0. Introduction
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="chapter_oneoff">
|
|
|
|
|
1. One Game
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="chapter_iterated">
|
|
|
|
|
2. Repeated Game
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="chapter_tournament">
|
|
|
|
|
3. One Tournament
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="chapter_evolution">
|
|
|
|
|
4. Repeated Tournament
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="chapter_noise">
|
|
|
|
|
5. Making Mistaeks
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="chapter_sandbox">
|
|
|
|
|
6. Sandbox
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="chapter_conclusion">
|
|
|
|
|
7. Conclusion
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<p id="chapter_credits">
|
|
|
|
|
X. Credits
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|